Comparing Septic Tank Materials: How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs

October 4, 2023

When it comes to choosing a septic tank material, there are several options available in the market. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, and it can be challenging to determine which one is right for you. In this article, we will compare the most common septic tank materials, including polyethylene/polypropylene resin, fiberglass-reinforced plastic, precast concrete, and steel, to help you make an informed decision.

Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are popular due to their lightweight and easy installation. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are durable and resistant to corrosion, making them a good choice for areas with high water tables. Precast concrete tanks have been used for onsite systems for many years and have a wealth of information available regarding their performance. Steel septic tanks are the least popular nowadays because of their cost and low durability.

By comparing the different septic tank materials, you can determine which one is best suited for your property size, water usage, and budget. It is essential to choose a septic tank material that is durable, long-lasting, and meets the requirements of your local regulations. In the following sections, we will provide an in-depth analysis of each septic tank material to help you make an informed decision.

Understanding Septic Tanks

Septic tanks are essential for disposing of wastewater in areas where public sewer systems are not available. They are typically made of different materials, including concrete, fiberglass, and plastic. The choice of material depends on various factors such as the size of the property, the number of occupants, and the soil type. Here is a breakdown of the different types of septic tanks.

Concrete Septic Tanks

Concrete septic tanks are the most common type of septic tank. They are durable and can withstand heavy loads. Concrete tanks are made of precast concrete and reinforced with steel rebar. They are available in various sizes and shapes, making them suitable for different properties. The downside of concrete tanks is that they are susceptible to cracking and may require regular maintenance.

Fiberglass Septic Tanks

Fiberglass septic tanks are lightweight and easy to install. They are resistant to corrosion and rust and can last for up to 50 years. Fiberglass tanks are available in different sizes and shapes, making them suitable for different properties. The downside of fiberglass tanks is that they are more expensive than other types of septic tanks.

Plastic Septic Tanks

Plastic septic tanks are lightweight and easy to install. They are resistant to corrosion and rust and can last for up to 40 years. Plastic tanks are available in different sizes and shapes, making them suitable for different properties. The downside of plastic tanks is that they are susceptible to cracking and may require regular maintenance.

When choosing a septic tank, it is essential to consider the size of the property, the number of occupants, and the soil type. It is also important to choose a reputable installer to ensure that the tank is installed correctly. Regular maintenance is also crucial to ensure that the tank functions correctly and lasts for its expected lifespan.

Types of Septic Tank Materials

When it comes to septic tanks, there are several materials to choose from. The most common types of septic tank materials are concrete, fiberglass, and plastic. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, which should be carefully considered before making a decision.

Concrete

Concrete septic tanks have been used for many decades and are still a popular choice for homeowners. They are heavy in weight, which means they won't float if the water table is near the tank level. The lifespan of concrete septic tanks is very long, and they are strong enough to withstand damage from heavy machines. They are also rustproof, making them a low-maintenance option.

However, concrete septic tanks can be expensive to install and repair. They are also prone to cracking and leaking over time, which can lead to costly repairs. Additionally, concrete septic tanks require regular pumping to prevent solids from accumulating and clogging the system.

Fiberglass

Fiberglass septic tanks are lightweight and easy to install, making them a popular choice for homeowners. They are also resistant to corrosion and rust, which means they require less maintenance than concrete tanks. Fiberglass tanks are also less likely to crack or leak over time, which can save homeowners money on repairs.

However, fiberglass septic tanks can be more expensive than concrete or plastic tanks. They are also not as strong as concrete tanks and can be damaged by heavy machinery. Additionally, fiberglass tanks are not as widely available as other types of septic tanks, which can make them difficult to find.

Plastic

Plastic septic tanks are the most affordable option and are easy to install. They are also resistant to corrosion and rust, which means they require less maintenance than concrete tanks. Plastic tanks are also less likely to crack or leak over time, which can save homeowners money on repairs.

However, plastic septic tanks are not as strong as concrete or fiberglass tanks and can be damaged by heavy machinery. They also have a shorter lifespan than other types of septic tanks and may need to be replaced more frequently. Additionally, plastic tanks are not suitable for areas with high water tables, as they can float and become displaced.

Comparing Septic Tank Materials

When it comes to choosing a septic tank material, there are several factors to consider. The most important ones are durability, cost, installation, and maintenance. In this section, we will compare the three most common septic tank materials: polyethylene/polypropylene resin, fiberglass-reinforced plastic, and precast concrete.

Durability

Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are lightweight and easy to install. They have a ribbed/corrugated design to increase structural performance. However, some early poly tanks were prone to deflection and splitting during installation and in service. Newer models have addressed these issues and are more durable.

Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are strong and lightweight. They are resistant to corrosion, cracking, and leaking. However, they can be more expensive than other materials.

Precast concrete tanks are the most durable of the three materials. They are less prone to damage caused by the weight of the soil or water pressure. With proper maintenance, a concrete septic tank can last for decades. Unlike other types of septic systems, concrete tanks do not require frequent repairs or replacements.

Cost

Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are the most affordable of the three materials. They are lightweight and easy to install, which can save on installation costs.

Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are more expensive than poly tanks but less expensive than concrete tanks. They are lightweight and easy to install, which can save on installation costs.

Precast concrete tanks are the most expensive of the three materials. They are heavy and require special equipment to install, which can increase installation costs.

Installation and Maintenance

Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are lightweight and easy to install. They require minimal maintenance, but they may need to be pumped more frequently than other materials.

Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are lightweight and easy to install. They require minimal maintenance and may not need to be pumped as frequently as other materials.

Precast concrete tanks are heavy and require special equipment to install. They require minimal maintenance, but they may need to be pumped less frequently than other materials.

In summary, the choice of septic tank material depends on several factors, including durability, cost, installation, and maintenance. Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are the most affordable and easy to install, but they may require more frequent pumping. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are strong and lightweight, but they can be more expensive. Precast concrete tanks are the most durable and require minimal maintenance, but they are the most expensive and require special equipment to install.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Septic Tank

When it comes to choosing a septic tank, there are several factors to consider. Here are some of the main things you should take into account:

Soil Type

One of the most important factors to consider when choosing a septic tank is the type of soil on your property. Different types of soil have different drainage rates, which can affect the performance of your septic system. For example, if you have heavy clay soil, it may not drain as quickly as sandy soil, which can cause problems with your septic system. It's important to have a soil test done to determine the type of soil on your property before choosing a septic tank.

Climate

Another factor to consider is the climate in your area. If you live in a cold climate with freezing temperatures, you'll need to choose a septic tank that is designed to withstand freezing conditions. Similarly, if you live in an area with a lot of rainfall, you'll need to choose a septic tank that can handle the increased water flow.

Household Size

The size of your household is another important factor to consider when choosing a septic tank. The larger your household, the larger the septic tank you'll need. A larger tank will be able to handle more wastewater, which is important for ensuring that your septic system functions properly.

Local Regulations

Finally, it's important to consider any local regulations that may affect your choice of septic tank. Different areas may have different requirements for septic systems, such as minimum tank size or specific materials that must be used. It's important to research the regulations in your area before choosing a septic tank to ensure that you're in compliance with local laws.

Overall, choosing the right septic tank is essential for ensuring that your septic system functions properly. By taking into account factors such as soil type, climate, household size, and local regulations, you can make an informed decision about which septic tank is right for you.

Conclusion

When it comes to choosing the right septic tank material, there are several factors to consider. Septic tanks made of polyethylene/polypropylene resin, fiberglass-reinforced plastic, and precast concrete are all viable options, each with their own advantages and disadvantages.

Polyethylene/polypropylene resin tanks are lightweight, easy to install, and resistant to rust and corrosion. Fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks are also lightweight and durable, making them a good choice for areas with limited access. Precast concrete tanks are the traditional option and have a wealth of information available regarding their use and maintenance.

Ultimately, the decision of which material to use will depend on the specific needs of the property owner. Factors such as budget, site location, and expected usage should all be taken into consideration. It is recommended that property owners consult with a licensed septic system professional to determine the best option for their specific situation.

Regardless of the material chosen, it is important to properly maintain the septic system to ensure its longevity and proper functioning. Regular pumping, inspections, and repairs as needed can help prevent costly and inconvenient issues down the line.

Live in Northeast Ohio? Get an Estimate
If you're having problems with your HVAC system we'd love to help, Schedule an Appointment or Get Estimate to talk to an HVAC professional today
Schedule Service Today!